I’m not sure if your goal is to set up nextcloud or to learn docker compose while setting up nextcloud. If you just want it up and running, you could use DockSTARTer to get it going. Heck, even if your goal is mainly learning, you can always tear apart the compose file that dockstarter generates and compare it to your own.

With nginx

https://github.com/nextcloud/docker#base-version---fpm

With caddy

https://caddy.community/t/example-docker-nextcloud-fpm-caddy-v2-webserver/9407

I oersonaly run fpm with caddy

Remember to create your admin account on first run and then add your trusted domain

Admin

• navigate to localhost:8080
• create admin acount
• write down your credestials

allowed domains

• docker ps
• copy container id of nextcloud:fpm
• docker exec --user www-data container_id php occ config:system:set trusted_domains 2 --value=your_domain_name_here
• docker stop container_id
• docker start container_id

Here’s my docker-compose.yml for nextcloud (with minor privacy changes) that includes onlyoffice and drawio containers. SSL is not included and should be handled by NPM and you’ll need a proxy host for both drawio and onlyoffice. I use NPM in docker so I just add it to the docs network instead of exposing any additional ports. For onlyoffice the secret key gets regenerated each time the container starts so you’ll need to update onlyoffice setting in nextcloud each time (unless someone has a better solution). You can get the secret key by logging into the onlyoffice container and running

cat /etc/onlyoffice/documentserver-example/local.json

I’ve been running this solution for a few years without any major issues.

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.5'

networks:
 docs:
  name: docs 
  driver: bridge

services:
 nextcloud:
  image: linuxserver/nextcloud
  container_name: nextcloud
  environment:
   - PUID=1000
   - PGID=1000
   - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
   - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
   - MYSQL_PASSWORD=P@ssWord321!
   - MYSQL_HOST=nextcloud_db
   - TZ="America/Chicago"
  volumes:
   - /home/user/docker/configs/nextcloud:/config
   - /home/user/docker/configs/nextcloud_data:/data
  restart: unless-stopped
  depends_on:
   - nextcloud_db
  networks:
   - docs 

 nextcloud_db:
  image: linuxserver/mariadb:110.4.21mariabionic-ls31
  container_name: nextcloud_db
  restart: always
  environment:
   - PUID=1000
   - PGID=1000
   - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=P@ssWord123!
   - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
   - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
   - MYSQL_PASSWORD=P@ssWord321!
  volumes:
   - /home/user/docker/configs/nextcloud_db/mysql:/config
  restart: unless-stopped
  networks:
   - docs 

 onlyoffice:
  image: onlyoffice/documentserver
  container_name: onlyoffice
  restart: always
  depends_on:
   - nextcloud
  networks:
   - docs 

 image-export:
  image: jgraph/export-server
  container_name: nextcloud-drawio-export
  networks:
   - docs 
  volumes:
   - ./fonts:/usr/share/fonts/drawio
  restart: unless-stopped

 drawio:
  image: jgraph/drawio
  container_name: nextcloud-drawio
  networks:
   - docs 
  depends_on:
   - image-export
  environment:
   - VIRTUAL_HOST=drawio.example.com
   - VIRTUAL_PORT=8080
   - EXPORT_URL=http://image-export:8000/
  restart: unless-stopped

Their official image is easy to run, just one container needed: https://hub.docker.com/_/nextcloud

Linuxserver.io images are also good: https://hub.docker.com/r/linuxserver/nextcloud

FYI docker images binding to an NFS mount can be tricky due to ACL extensions not being supported. Podman is especially bad for this.

Nextcloud is very easy to setup as a container. You just need a MySQL/MariaDB server and a volume mount. Just make sure the volume is owned by www-data user (uid:gid 33:33). That’s it. Most problems I’ve seen so far are related to files permissions, so double check to make sure the volume is owned by www-data.