I’m not a contractor of any sort, just had to deal with a similar issue with my foundation.

I have a real old slab that was cracking and water coming through my cold joint running any finishing I had in the basement. We addressed the issue with a sump pump covering the water ingress and put a water proofing membrane over the whole slab. AIl done on the interior. We were out about 5k for the pump and another 2k ish to repair the basement finish.

From your photos, it looks like water is pushed towards the house and then getting in through the cold joint on your walkways/foundation. Maybe consult with a contractor quote or, if it were me and the basement didn’t have standing water, I’d patch the pieces that fell off yourself then seal the gap between walkway/foundation. Also the humidifier is probably a solid choice to start with