A new study led by epidemiologists at Brown University found that among firearm owners, less safe storage was associated with higher blood lead levels in children.
So I assume this study was meant to narrow down the previously-established association between gun ownership and household lead levels by focusing on gun storage. But couldn’t it also be the case that lead exposure (from guns) is causing caregivers to store their guns less carefully?
(Or in other words—maybe the danger of elevated household lead due to gun ownership is independent of storage practices; but lead exposure also leads to more dangerous storage practices, which causes the correlation.)
Another thread on this someone posited it might be how frequently the people are shooting and storage has a correlation. Copper ammo was also suggested there. I like tungsten but whatever works.
I think a causal relationship can be inferred, based on the proposed mechanism: firearms tend to have lead dust on them, and failing to properly store firearms tends to lead to cross contamination with living spaces, especially carpets and the floor where babies crawl and put things in their mouth.
The next step should be to investigate a link between safe storage practices and environmental lead content in the home: in the carpets, etc.
Interesting take. That’s not the conclusion that they’re drawing but it’s certainly possible. I also want to know the mechanism for the increased lead levels. Are kids chewing on the bullets? Is lead somehow deposited in the home?
Edit: I read it again and I feel like something is still missing. Firing a gun leads to lead particles on clothing that come back home. But lack of storage leads to more lead in the children. If you don’t store your gun, are you waving it around your house? Firing it in the basement?
I also want to know the mechanism for the increased lead levels. Are kids chewing on the bullets? Is lead somehow deposited in the home?
I think you can interpolate what’s happening from this part:
Firing a gun leads to lead particles on clothing that come back home.
So it sounds to me, like when you fire a gun, a few things happen. The bullet travels down the barrel and as it does, it makes some contact with the barrel, some particles of lead scrape or spald off. These particles are largely expelled by the barrel exhaust, but some of it can be deposited in or on the gun. So any gun that has been fired many times becomes a source of lead particulates that can get into the air. I’d expect a gun safe provides the same amount of protection from this exposure as a zip lock bag would. (But i’d still recommend using the gun safe). Theoretically, you could also reduce this exposure by thoroughly cleaning the gun before bringing it into the home, though I have no idea what level of cleaning would be necessary to achieve this, it could be a lot.
You’ve pretty much got it, seemingly from first principles, good job!
Yeah, thats… basically exactly what happens.
Now, fully cleaning the gun after every usage… well, on the one hand, theoretically that would help with the gun being … less of a profilic random micro/particulate lead dispenser.
On the other hand, well, all that lead is now literally being handled by you, so, you need gloves, maybe a mask, maybe functionally a clean room as well.
At that point, you might as well be a small armory, if you want to have all the stuff and practices in place to properly contain the particulate lead.
Another big element at play is that different barrels basically corrode or gunk up differently.
For example, chrome-lined barrels are generally slightly more expensive, have essentially greater durability or longetivity, but because of imperfections of the actual lining process, lead to slightly less accurate barrels.
Chrome lined barrels would presumably have less lead exposure factor, due to lead having a harder time to stick to the barrel.
Vs non chrome lined barrels that gunk up more quickly, but, when clean, can be slightly more accurate.
There are other ways of coating or treating or just making a barrel, as well as many other kinds of seemingly esoteric details of gun design, that could potentially affect how much of an… ‘ambient particulate lead exposure’ risk it is.
I totally agree with your Ziploc bag analogy lol. If the only concern was reducing lead exposure, I bet just a plastic bag would be enough. However, if we are only talking about using the weapon and bringing it home, does storage really matter? If the particles are all over your clothes, you are just dragging that lead everywhere.
I’m thinking it’s more to do with what one of the other commenters said, lack of storage suggests a certain attitude. If you’re not storing it, you are probably moving it around the house, cleaning it on the table, etc. So maybe both groups of people have the same amount of lead on their weapon, but the storage group takes it straight to the gun safe instead of leaving it in their pants and letting it sprinkle heavy metal surprises around the house?
I skimmed the paper (tiny pdf text on a phone screen is hard to read) and it sounds like merely having a gun out results in airborne contaminants. Any particles light enough to be carried by air currents will be carried around the house instead of just inside the safe. I wasn’t able to read and analyze the tables.
Lead is actually fairly fragile, malleable, degradeable, and also of course, a neurotoxin, in high enough concentrations.
People that handle guns and/or ammo extremely regularly?
In many cases they use gloves, in some cases even masks.
Kinda like how xray techs get the (ironically, lead) shielding, but you don’t: its the dosage, the exposure.
Most legit gun ranges in most states have a whole set of regulations and systems/practices in place to handle all that lead.
I’m not sure exactly how indoor ranges do it, but most outdoor ranges in most states, the backstop birm that catches all the bullets?
Gotta adhere to different kinds of water drainage requirements, do something like dig the whole thing up and process it in some way, to literally get the lead out, every so many years.
Even when guns aren’t being fired, you’ve got similar sorts of safe handling practices for armorers/armories, people that recase (wrong term?) spent brass to make their own rounds, people that are very often doing basically surgery on guns, etc.
If you place a fired gun (contaminated with GSR) on a surface, particularly where you eat (kitchen counter, dining table) or on a fabric (couch, bed), it contaminates your living space and doesn’t really go away without cleaners that are effective on heavy metals.
Doesn’t even have to be “stored”. Cleaning your gun on the dining table, for example.
Yeah I think this is part of it. I think it has less to do with the storage and more to do with the other activities. Maybe someone who doesn’t lock up their gun is more likely to clean it on the kitchen table, for example
So I assume this study was meant to narrow down the previously-established association between gun ownership and household lead levels by focusing on gun storage. But couldn’t it also be the case that lead exposure (from guns) is causing caregivers to store their guns less carefully?
(Or in other words—maybe the danger of elevated household lead due to gun ownership is independent of storage practices; but lead exposure also leads to more dangerous storage practices, which causes the correlation.)
Another thread on this someone posited it might be how frequently the people are shooting and storage has a correlation. Copper ammo was also suggested there. I like tungsten but whatever works.
I think a causal relationship can be inferred, based on the proposed mechanism: firearms tend to have lead dust on them, and failing to properly store firearms tends to lead to cross contamination with living spaces, especially carpets and the floor where babies crawl and put things in their mouth.
The next step should be to investigate a link between safe storage practices and environmental lead content in the home: in the carpets, etc.
Interesting take. That’s not the conclusion that they’re drawing but it’s certainly possible. I also want to know the mechanism for the increased lead levels. Are kids chewing on the bullets? Is lead somehow deposited in the home?
Edit: I read it again and I feel like something is still missing. Firing a gun leads to lead particles on clothing that come back home. But lack of storage leads to more lead in the children. If you don’t store your gun, are you waving it around your house? Firing it in the basement?
I think you can interpolate what’s happening from this part:
So it sounds to me, like when you fire a gun, a few things happen. The bullet travels down the barrel and as it does, it makes some contact with the barrel, some particles of lead scrape or spald off. These particles are largely expelled by the barrel exhaust, but some of it can be deposited in or on the gun. So any gun that has been fired many times becomes a source of lead particulates that can get into the air. I’d expect a gun safe provides the same amount of protection from this exposure as a zip lock bag would. (But i’d still recommend using the gun safe). Theoretically, you could also reduce this exposure by thoroughly cleaning the gun before bringing it into the home, though I have no idea what level of cleaning would be necessary to achieve this, it could be a lot.
You’ve pretty much got it, seemingly from first principles, good job!
Yeah, thats… basically exactly what happens.
Now, fully cleaning the gun after every usage… well, on the one hand, theoretically that would help with the gun being … less of a profilic random micro/particulate lead dispenser.
On the other hand, well, all that lead is now literally being handled by you, so, you need gloves, maybe a mask, maybe functionally a clean room as well.
At that point, you might as well be a small armory, if you want to have all the stuff and practices in place to properly contain the particulate lead.
Another big element at play is that different barrels basically corrode or gunk up differently.
For example, chrome-lined barrels are generally slightly more expensive, have essentially greater durability or longetivity, but because of imperfections of the actual lining process, lead to slightly less accurate barrels.
Chrome lined barrels would presumably have less lead exposure factor, due to lead having a harder time to stick to the barrel.
Vs non chrome lined barrels that gunk up more quickly, but, when clean, can be slightly more accurate.
There are other ways of coating or treating or just making a barrel, as well as many other kinds of seemingly esoteric details of gun design, that could potentially affect how much of an… ‘ambient particulate lead exposure’ risk it is.
I totally agree with your Ziploc bag analogy lol. If the only concern was reducing lead exposure, I bet just a plastic bag would be enough. However, if we are only talking about using the weapon and bringing it home, does storage really matter? If the particles are all over your clothes, you are just dragging that lead everywhere.
I’m thinking it’s more to do with what one of the other commenters said, lack of storage suggests a certain attitude. If you’re not storing it, you are probably moving it around the house, cleaning it on the table, etc. So maybe both groups of people have the same amount of lead on their weapon, but the storage group takes it straight to the gun safe instead of leaving it in their pants and letting it sprinkle heavy metal surprises around the house?
I skimmed the paper (tiny pdf text on a phone screen is hard to read) and it sounds like merely having a gun out results in airborne contaminants. Any particles light enough to be carried by air currents will be carried around the house instead of just inside the safe. I wasn’t able to read and analyze the tables.
Yep, basically this.
Bullets have lead in them.
Lead is actually fairly fragile, malleable, degradeable, and also of course, a neurotoxin, in high enough concentrations.
People that handle guns and/or ammo extremely regularly?
In many cases they use gloves, in some cases even masks.
Kinda like how xray techs get the (ironically, lead) shielding, but you don’t: its the dosage, the exposure.
Most legit gun ranges in most states have a whole set of regulations and systems/practices in place to handle all that lead.
I’m not sure exactly how indoor ranges do it, but most outdoor ranges in most states, the backstop birm that catches all the bullets?
Gotta adhere to different kinds of water drainage requirements, do something like dig the whole thing up and process it in some way, to literally get the lead out, every so many years.
Even when guns aren’t being fired, you’ve got similar sorts of safe handling practices for armorers/armories, people that recase (wrong term?) spent brass to make their own rounds, people that are very often doing basically surgery on guns, etc.
If you place a fired gun (contaminated with GSR) on a surface, particularly where you eat (kitchen counter, dining table) or on a fabric (couch, bed), it contaminates your living space and doesn’t really go away without cleaners that are effective on heavy metals.
Doesn’t even have to be “stored”. Cleaning your gun on the dining table, for example.
Yeah I think this is part of it. I think it has less to do with the storage and more to do with the other activities. Maybe someone who doesn’t lock up their gun is more likely to clean it on the kitchen table, for example
Insecure storage speaks to an overall blasé attitude towards firearms that’s for sure.