Of course, it’s not better. There is no way around the laws of thermodynamics. Weight loss is a measure of taking in fewer calories than you burn. That’s the formulae.
That said, intermittent fasting can be a great way for some people to manage their caloric intake. Some people just find it easier to manage their calories by eating once or twice a day and restricting themselves at others.
At the end of the day, though it’s not meant to be a panacea, it’s a tool to be used for those that prefer it to other options.
The real benefit of fasting is feeding one’s precious akkermansias. But it doesn’t do any good if you then carpet bomb the poor things with sugar during your feeding window, which is possibly where a lot of folks are going wrong. Not all calories are equal because you aren’t the only one eating.
Except that’s not what 99% of the punditorium espouses - for the last 15 years it’s been a continuous litany of “intermittent fasting is THE answer”, and anyone disagreeing is roundly condemned.
Despite 80 years of diabetes research that contradicts much of the argument for fasting.
The one that says you cannot burn more calories than your body uses and you have to burn more calories than food you eat. It’s just tongue in cheek that the amount of energy in a (closed) system is conserved.
Of course one question is, does intermittent fasting somehow cause you to increase your base metabolic rate or cause you to digest your food less effectively per unit of food eaten, which could still satisfy thermodynamic constraints while still having an apparently larger effect. This study indicates that at a macro level, people do not have more success with this strategy vs traditional calorie restrictions, which do not support either hypothesis. They don’t disprove the hypotheses, but you don’t disprove such things, only support them. This doesn’t support them.
What you’ve stated is not a law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics, which is the one often misused to tell us that calories are the only thing that matter, states that within an isolated system, the total energy of a system is constant. It’s well defined. The human body isn’t an isolated system, and the laws of thermodynamics aren’t tongue in cheek.
Our bodies don’t burn calories, and you are right in saying that we do indeed eat food, not calories.
Fasting can, for example, deplete our liver’s glycogen stores, and change the levels of various hormones in our body.
Sort of. Thermodynamics still definitely plays a role. You cannot have more calories than you ingest, and over time, you cannot perform more work than electrochemically possible; this is true precisely because of the laws described by thermodynamic constraints.
The laws of thermodynamics aren’t tongue in cheek. The poster saying you can’t escape the laws of thermodynamics I took to mean they’re making a tongue in cheek response; in other words, they’re sort of being witty and saying the reason this finding was observed is because of the fundamental laws governing energy consumption and use in the human body. That absolutely is rhetorically meeting the definition of tongue in cheek.
Calorie is a unit of heat energy. The energetic yield of a gram of protein can be described by its ability to be burned to heat a gram of water, say. This is the definition of a calorie.
That energy is still constant, there is not some magical world where protein suddenly has more energy density in a human body than it did when it was burned in a calorimeter. That would break the laws of thermodynamics.
You can question whether there is metabolic advantage to consumption of certain types of food (that is, does the human body leverage certain foods in a metabolically more efficient fashion than others, such that consumption of the same calories but in a different composition results in differential weight gain or loss — this actually is studied in nutritional studies). But the laws of thermodynamics still apply there. The first that energy is conserved (kcal is fine for describing this as an upper bound) and the second concerning the free energy of a chemical system to perform “work”, which isn’t heating a gram of water (though it also sort of is, were warm blooded creatures) but rather describing the capacity of the substance to ultimately contribute to chemical processes in a cell, such as the generation or consumption of ATP.
And yes, every gram of food has a specific amount it can contribute to those chemical processes, and it’s tied to the total amount of energy in a gram of that material, which is conveniently calculated in a calorimeter.
You can question whether there is metabolic advantage to consumption of certain types of food
Yes, this is a much better question. Our bodies do not seek energy, but the substances that are required for our biological processes.
were warm blooded creatures
Yes, our body temperature is regulated by our biological processes and at the same time the converse is also true. It’s much more complex than doing ‘work’. That would again be an oversimplification. Thinking of the body as a thermodynamic system like a bomb calorimeter is silly.
What is the error margin when measuring food? To save you the trouble, it’s about 20-25%. Unless we compensate by considerably under-consuming the amount of food we eat, the sheer amount of noise alone caused by this error margin makes it meaningless.
Sure but then what is your alternative for easily assessing in a reportable way what the energy density of a food is? Bomb calorimetry doesn’t say “you will get this amount of energy from a food”, it simply says “a gram of this material has about this much energy density.” Evolution has done a remarkable job of maximizing energetic recovery from compounds, and it’s simply true that eating more energy in the form of food than is used by the body will result in the body storing said excess energy. Kcal is a convenient relative metric that does correspond to this phenomena. That is objectively true. Is it exact? No. Does it claim to be exact? Again no, but you can calculate the yield by looking at digestive and metabolic processes within constraints and the relative amount is still useful as a gross measure.
It’s fine to say that kcal aren’t what we eat. But then food isn’t really what we eat either. Food is simply compounds that our body can use to perform chemical work. You can quantify this work. And you can use a word other than work to describe chemical reactions, but the semantic point is conserved regardless.
A good proxy for this general capacity in a human body from organic digestible material is kcal. If you have an alternative to this that is easily calculated and also easily understood, I’d recommend writing it up and submitting it to a nutrition or medical journal, where it can be peer reviewed, and if it holds merit, published, to be more broadly examined, and perhaps adopted.
Of course, it’s not better. There is no way around the laws of thermodynamics. Weight loss is a measure of taking in fewer calories than you burn. That’s the formulae.
That said, intermittent fasting can be a great way for some people to manage their caloric intake. Some people just find it easier to manage their calories by eating once or twice a day and restricting themselves at others.
At the end of the day, though it’s not meant to be a panacea, it’s a tool to be used for those that prefer it to other options.
The real benefit of fasting is feeding one’s precious akkermansias. But it doesn’t do any good if you then carpet bomb the poor things with sugar during your feeding window, which is possibly where a lot of folks are going wrong. Not all calories are equal because you aren’t the only one eating.
Is it meant to be a panna cotta then?
Or a panettone?
God I’m hungry.
Well said. No diet is going to magic away the math. Haha.
Except that’s not what 99% of the punditorium espouses - for the last 15 years it’s been a continuous litany of “intermittent fasting is THE answer”, and anyone disagreeing is roundly condemned.
Despite 80 years of diabetes research that contradicts much of the argument for fasting.
Well yes, don’t listen to people who say, “this is THE solution and everything else is nonsense.”
agree, this is the way, and nobody can say otherwise
You seem like a smart and upright person, I think I’ll listen to your advice!
Exactly, everything else is nonsense!
All weight loss diets are just social engineering imo. If you find a way to fool yourself into eating less good for you.
There’s also the crowd that claims intermittent fasting inherently makes the individual healthier, live longer, have more energy and mental clarity, …
To get away from the idea that weight loss might be the only focus here.
Which law of thermodynamics applies?
The one that says you cannot burn more calories than your body uses and you have to burn more calories than food you eat. It’s just tongue in cheek that the amount of energy in a (closed) system is conserved.
Of course one question is, does intermittent fasting somehow cause you to increase your base metabolic rate or cause you to digest your food less effectively per unit of food eaten, which could still satisfy thermodynamic constraints while still having an apparently larger effect. This study indicates that at a macro level, people do not have more success with this strategy vs traditional calorie restrictions, which do not support either hypothesis. They don’t disprove the hypotheses, but you don’t disprove such things, only support them. This doesn’t support them.
What you’ve stated is not a law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics, which is the one often misused to tell us that calories are the only thing that matter, states that within an isolated system, the total energy of a system is constant. It’s well defined. The human body isn’t an isolated system, and the laws of thermodynamics aren’t tongue in cheek.
Our bodies don’t burn calories, and you are right in saying that we do indeed eat food, not calories.
Fasting can, for example, deplete our liver’s glycogen stores, and change the levels of various hormones in our body.
Sort of. Thermodynamics still definitely plays a role. You cannot have more calories than you ingest, and over time, you cannot perform more work than electrochemically possible; this is true precisely because of the laws described by thermodynamic constraints.
The laws of thermodynamics aren’t tongue in cheek. The poster saying you can’t escape the laws of thermodynamics I took to mean they’re making a tongue in cheek response; in other words, they’re sort of being witty and saying the reason this finding was observed is because of the fundamental laws governing energy consumption and use in the human body. That absolutely is rhetorically meeting the definition of tongue in cheek.
A calorie is a unit of heat energy. We cannot ingest a calorie since it has no rest mass. It is a ridiculous simplification of our biology.
We have to disagree on the wit of the poster.
Calorie is a unit of heat energy. The energetic yield of a gram of protein can be described by its ability to be burned to heat a gram of water, say. This is the definition of a calorie.
That energy is still constant, there is not some magical world where protein suddenly has more energy density in a human body than it did when it was burned in a calorimeter. That would break the laws of thermodynamics.
You can question whether there is metabolic advantage to consumption of certain types of food (that is, does the human body leverage certain foods in a metabolically more efficient fashion than others, such that consumption of the same calories but in a different composition results in differential weight gain or loss — this actually is studied in nutritional studies). But the laws of thermodynamics still apply there. The first that energy is conserved (kcal is fine for describing this as an upper bound) and the second concerning the free energy of a chemical system to perform “work”, which isn’t heating a gram of water (though it also sort of is, were warm blooded creatures) but rather describing the capacity of the substance to ultimately contribute to chemical processes in a cell, such as the generation or consumption of ATP.
And yes, every gram of food has a specific amount it can contribute to those chemical processes, and it’s tied to the total amount of energy in a gram of that material, which is conveniently calculated in a calorimeter.
Yes, this is a much better question. Our bodies do not seek energy, but the substances that are required for our biological processes.
Yes, our body temperature is regulated by our biological processes and at the same time the converse is also true. It’s much more complex than doing ‘work’. That would again be an oversimplification. Thinking of the body as a thermodynamic system like a bomb calorimeter is silly.
What is the error margin when measuring food? To save you the trouble, it’s about 20-25%. Unless we compensate by considerably under-consuming the amount of food we eat, the sheer amount of noise alone caused by this error margin makes it meaningless.
Sure but then what is your alternative for easily assessing in a reportable way what the energy density of a food is? Bomb calorimetry doesn’t say “you will get this amount of energy from a food”, it simply says “a gram of this material has about this much energy density.” Evolution has done a remarkable job of maximizing energetic recovery from compounds, and it’s simply true that eating more energy in the form of food than is used by the body will result in the body storing said excess energy. Kcal is a convenient relative metric that does correspond to this phenomena. That is objectively true. Is it exact? No. Does it claim to be exact? Again no, but you can calculate the yield by looking at digestive and metabolic processes within constraints and the relative amount is still useful as a gross measure.
It’s fine to say that kcal aren’t what we eat. But then food isn’t really what we eat either. Food is simply compounds that our body can use to perform chemical work. You can quantify this work. And you can use a word other than work to describe chemical reactions, but the semantic point is conserved regardless.
A good proxy for this general capacity in a human body from organic digestible material is kcal. If you have an alternative to this that is easily calculated and also easily understood, I’d recommend writing it up and submitting it to a nutrition or medical journal, where it can be peer reviewed, and if it holds merit, published, to be more broadly examined, and perhaps adopted.